Electric bikes (e-bikes) and fat bikes are becoming increasingly popular with young riders across Australia. They are fast, convenient, and fun — but they can also be dangerous and illegal if used incorrectly.
This guide explains the risks, legal requirements, and safety rules for riding e-bikes and fat bikes in Australia, including NSW and other states.
An electric bike (e-bike) is a bicycle fitted with a motor that assists the rider while pedalling. Across Australia, e-bikes are treated as bicycles if they meet national safety standards. This means they can usually be ridden on roads and shared paths without a licence or registration.
However, not all electric bikes sold online or in stores are legal to ride.
Main Risks for Young Riders Using E-Bikes & Fat Bikes
SPEED AND WEIGHT RISKS
E-bikes accelerate quickly and are heavier than regular bicycles, making them harder to control, especially for inexperienced riders.
Higher speeds increase the risk of:
- loss of control
- serious injuries in crashes
- reduced reaction time
- collisions with vehicles or pedestrians
LACK OF PROTECTIVE GEAR
Many young riders operate e-bikes without helmets or protective gear.
This greatly increases the risk of:
- head injuries
- serious trauma
- fatal accidents
Helmets are mandatory in all Australian states and territories.
ILLEGAL OR HIGH-POWERED BIKES
Some electric bikes — particularly “fat bikes” sold online — do not meet Australian legal requirements.
Illegal bikes often:
- operate without pedalling
- exceed power limits
- function like motorbikes
Riding illegal bikes may result in fines and police seizure.
Unsafe Environments and Rider Behaviour
Busy roads and shared spaces can increase risk, especially when riders:
- use phones or headphones
- ride at excessive speed
- ignore traffic rules
- ride in unsuitable areas
Young riders must follow the same road rules as bicycles.
Poor Maintenance and Charging Risks
Unsafe equipment increases crash and fire risk.
Common problems include:
- worn brakes
- damaged tyres
- faulty batteries
- unsafe charging practices
Lithium battery fires can occur if batteries are damaged or incorrectly charged.
Australia follows national standards for legal e-bikes. While rules vary slightly by state, the core requirements are consistent.
Legal E-Bike Requirements (Australia-wide)
A legal e-bike must:
- Be primarily powered by pedalling
- Have a motor that assists only while pedalling
- Motor assistance must cut out at 25 km/h
- Meet Australian safety standards Stay within power limits
Power Limits (Australian Standard)
Two types of e-bikes are generally permitted:
Power-assisted pedal cycle
- Maximum motor power: 200 watts
- Motor cannot operate independently of pedalling
Electrically power-assisted cycle (EN15194 standard)
- Maximum continuous power: 250 watts
- Motor assistance stops at 25 km/h
- Motor stops when pedalling stops
Most Australian authorities recommend 250W compliant bikes.
Illegal Electric Bikes
The following are illegal to ride on public roads or paths in most Australian states:
- Throttle-only bikes (motor without pedalling)
- High-powered or modified e-bikes
- Petrol-powered bicycles
- Motorbike-style electric bikes
- Non-compliant imported bikes
Police may issue fines and seize illegal devices.
"Fat Bikes" — Important Information
There is no separate legal category for “fat bikes” in Australia.
A fat bike is only legal if it meets standard e-bike requirements.
Many fat bikes sold online are illegal because they:
- exceed power limits
- operate without pedalling
- function like motorbikes
Legal e-bikes must follow the same rules as bicycles.
Helmet Required
Approved helmets must be worn in all states and territories.
Follow Road Rules
Riders must:
- obey traffic lights and signs
- give way to pedestrians on shared paths
- ride safely and responsibly
- follow bicycle road rules
Where You Can Ride
Where You Can RideRules vary slightly by state, but generally e-bikes can be ridden on:
- roads
- bicycle lanes
- shared paths
- some footpaths (depending on local rules)
Licence and Registration
If the e-bike is compliant:
- No licence required
- No registration required
Non-compliant bikes may be treated as motor vehicles.
Choose a compliant e-bike - Buy from trusted sellers and confirm Australian compliance.
Charge Batteries Safely
- Use approved chargers
- Charge in ventilated areas
- Never leave charging unattended overnight
Always Wear Protective Gear
- Approved helmet
- Bright clothing
- Lights for visibility
Ride in Safe Areas
Avoid high-traffic roads until experienced.
Maintain Your Bike
Regularly check:
- brakes
- tyres
- battery condition